1980's
rural reforms continued (1980-1984)
Directive No. 75 was issued on September 27th, 1980. This finally permitted assigning grain production responsibility down to the household, especially in poor areas.
"Mao Zedong wanted to manage farms as if they were giant factories with common ownership. The collective farms, as these giant farm factories were called, paid everyone about the same no matter how hard they worked or what new ideas they had for more efficient farming. So people were discouraged from working extra hard and trying new things. When they gave control of the farms back to the families, the families that worked harder or smarter got the benefits of their work, so production increased dramatically."
-William H. Overholt, Student Interview |
results
Performance Charts
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14 coastal cities (1984)
"As for our policy of opening...the problem is we haven't opened enough.....
~Deng Xiaoping, on the opening of the 14 coastal cities. Deng Xiaoping further opened 14 coastal cities to foreign investment.
A massive coastal economic open belt was brought into being.
"Whoever refuses to go for reform and opening up have to step
down. We should be bolder and quicken further the pace of change. If we don’t go for reform and opening up, we will be left to die." -Deng Xiaoping, to those who opposed the opening "......The 14 coastal cities were selected because it was coastal
and more advanced so it was more easy to be connected to the modern companies and had better skilled workers and more educated engineers, so that it can adapt the state of the art--or the modern--techniques easily. And the government also introduced a lot of new policies to establish Joint Venture which is both the Chinese government and foreign company to establish a new company...." -Wei Tong, Student Interview the 14 coastal citiesClick to enlarge
Sez Impact on citiesThis chart measures the per capita GDP in current dollars.
The 14 coastal cities were among one of the first "opened up" cities in China. The opening of these cities was the beginning of entire China's opening to the outside world. The 14 cities were made out to be high-tech, industrial developments.
" Openness is more important today such it is a continuing
process." -Ezra F. Vogel, Student Interview |
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